目录
- 概述
- 演示环境
- 示例
[一]、概述
本文主要是结合实际代码详细演示Hibernate对JPA实现的应用示例。
[二]、演示环境
- Hibernate 4.2.1.Final
- Java 1.7.0_25
- Maven 3.0.4
[三]、示例
1.创建演示项目
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mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.micmiu -DartifactId=hibernate-jpa-demo -Dversion=1.0-SNAPSHOT -DpackageName=com.micmiu.hibernate.jpa -Dpackage=com.micmiu.hibernate -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false |
创建好项目后，以Maven Project导入Eclipse，配置相关的builder path，截图如下：
配置修改 pom.xml 文件如下：
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.micmiu</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-demo</artifactId> <packaging>jar</packaging> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>hibernate-jpa-demo</name> <description>hibernate jpa</description> <url>http://www.micmiu.com</url> <organization> <name>micmiu.com</name> <url>http://www.micmiu.com</url> </organization> <developers> <developer> <id>Michael</id> <name>Michael Sun</name> <email>sjsky007@gmail.com</email> <url>http://www.micmiu.com</url> <timezone>+8</timezone> <roles> <role>architect</role> <role>developer</role> </roles> </developer> </developers> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <jdk.version>1.6</jdk.version> <hibernate.version>4.2.1.Final</hibernate.version> <log4j.version>1.2.16</log4j.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version> <junit.version>4.11</junit.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.oracle</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId> <version>11.2.0.3.0</version> </dependency> <!-- logger begin --> <!-- slf4j --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- slf4j-log4j绑定 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- common-logging 调用 slf4j --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log4j --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Logging end --> </dependencies> </project> |
2.创建一个测试的Entity类：
UserInfo.java
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package com.micmiu.hibernate.jpa; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; /** * * @author <a href="http://www.micmiu.com">Michael</a> * @time Create on 2013-9-17 下午11:27:06 * @version 1.0 */ @Entity @Table(name = "T_DEMO_USER_INFO") public class UserInfo implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 4943396187256597131L; @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "ID") private Integer id; @Column(name = "USER_NAME", length = 20) private String userName; @Column(name = "EMAIL", length = 64) private String email; @Column(name = "BLOG_URL", length = 64) private String blogURL; public Integer getId() { return id; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public String getBlogURL() { return blogURL; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public void setBlogURL(String blogURL) { this.blogURL = blogURL; } @Override public String toString() { return "UserInfo [id=" + id + ", userName=" + userName + ", email=" + email + ", blogURL=" + blogURL + "]"; } } |
3.创建配置文件：
META-INF/persistence.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence version="2.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"> <!-- 为持久化单元取名为 myJPA --> <persistence-unit name="myJPA" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider> <!-- class 定义指定持久化的实体类 注意配置属性hibernate.archive.autodetection=false --> <!-- <class>com.micmiu.hibernate.jpa.UserInfo</class> --> <properties> <property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="class,hbm"/> <!--配置Hibernate方言 --> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect" /> <!--配置数据库url --> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl" /> <!--配置数据库驱动 --> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" /> <!--配置数据库用户名 --> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="micmiu" /> <!--配置数据库密码 --> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="111111" /> <!--设置外连接抓取树的最大深度 --> <property name="hibernate.max_fetch_depth" value="3" /> <!--自动输出schema创建DDL语句 --> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" /> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence> |
4.创建测试类
EntityManagerTest.java
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package com.micmiu.hibernate; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory; import javax.persistence.Persistence; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import com.micmiu.hibernate.jpa.UserInfo; /** * 单元测试 * * @author <a href="http://www.micmiu.com">Michael</a> * @time Create on 2013-9-20 下午11:23:32 * @version 1.0 */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public class EntityManagerTest { AtomicInteger atom = new AtomicInteger(); EntityManagerFactory emf = null; @Before public void before() { // 根据persistence.xml中配置创建EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("myJPA"); } @After public void after() { if (null != emf) { emf.close(); } } @Test public void testCreate() { System.out.println(">>>> testCreate <<<<"); int beforeCount = queryList(); System.out.println(">>>> before create count = " + beforeCount); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); UserInfo user = generateRadomEntity(); em.persist(user); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); int afterCount = queryList(); System.out.println(">>>> after create count = " + afterCount); Assert.assertEquals(beforeCount + 1, afterCount); } @Test public void testRead() { System.out.println(">>>> testRead <<<<"); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); UserInfo user = em.find(UserInfo.class, 1); if (null != user) { Assert.assertEquals(1, (long) user.getId()); System.out.println(">>>> find user = " + user); } else { System.out.println(">>>> find use not exit."); } em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); } /** * 更新操作- 用于托管状态的对象 */ @Test public void testUpdate() { System.out.println(">>>> testUpdate <<<<"); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); UserInfo user = em.find(UserInfo.class, 1); System.out.println(user); user.setEmail("micmiu.com@gmail.com"); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); UserInfo user2 = findUser(1); System.out.println(user2); Assert.assertEquals("micmiu.com@gmail.com", user2.getEmail()); } /** * 更新操作 - 用于游离(脱管)状态的对象 */ @Test public void testMerge() { System.out.println(">>>> testMerge <<<<"); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); UserInfo user = em.find(UserInfo.class, 1); System.out.println(user); // 将实体管理器中的所有实体变成了游离态(脱管) em.clear(); user.setEmail("michael@micmiu.com"); em.merge(user); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); UserInfo user2 = findUser(1); System.out.println(user2); Assert.assertEquals("michael@micmiu.com", user2.getEmail()); } @Test public void testDelete() { System.out.println(">>>> testDelete <<<<"); int beforeCount = queryList(); System.out.println(">>>> before delete count = " + beforeCount); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); UserInfo user = em.find(UserInfo.class, 2); em.remove(user); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); int afterCount = queryList(); System.out.println(">>>> after delete count = " + afterCount); Assert.assertEquals(beforeCount - 1, afterCount); } private UserInfo findUser(Integer id) { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); UserInfo user = em.find(UserInfo.class, id); em.close(); return user; } private int queryList() { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); List<UserInfo> list = (List<UserInfo>) em.createQuery( "select t from UserInfo t order by t.userName").getResultList(); em.close(); return list.size(); } /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { } private UserInfo generateRadomEntity() { UserInfo user = new UserInfo(); String key = atom.addAndGet(1) + ""; user.setUserName("michael-" + key); user.setEmail(key + "@micmiu.com"); user.setBlogURL("micmiu.com"); return user; } } |
5.初始化数据：
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INSERT INTO T_DEMO_USER_INFO（ID,BLOG_URL,EMAIL,USER_NAME） VALUES (1, 'micmiu.com', 'sjsky007@gmail.com', 'michael'); INSERT INTO T_DEMO_USER_INFO（ID,BLOG_URL,EMAIL,USER_NAME） VALUES (2, 'ctosun.com', 'admin@ctosun.com', 'michael'); |
运行单元测试类全部通过，日志如下：
>>>> testMerge <<<<
UserInfo [id=1, userName=michael, email=sjsky007@gmail.com, blogURL=micmiu.com]
UserInfo [id=1, userName=michael, email=michael@micmiu.com, blogURL=micmiu.com]
>>>> testRead <<<<
>>>> find user = UserInfo [id=1, userName=michael, email=michael@micmiu.com, blogURL=micmiu.com]
>>>> testCreate <<<<
>>>> before create count = 2
>>>> after create count = 3
>>>> testDelete <<<<
>>>> before delete count = 3
>>>> after delete count = 2
>>>> testUpdate <<<<
UserInfo [id=1, userName=michael, email=michael@micmiu.com, blogURL=micmiu.com]
UserInfo [id=1, userName=michael, email=micmiu.com@gmail.com, blogURL=micmiu.com]
本文介绍到此结束@Michael Sun.
原创文章，转载请注明： 转载自micmiu – 软件开发+生活点滴[ http://www.micmiu.com/ ]
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